解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The endogenous auditory P300 event-related potential (P3) has been used to differentiate functional and organic cognitive disorders in adults. We found that children with organic cognitive impairments (as determined by the Halstead-Reitan [HR] test) had greater P3 latencies than children with normal HR evaluations. Th...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.35.3.323
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) exerts many effects upon spinal cord function in animals, and may also play a role in human spinal cord function. We have used the technique of quantitative autoradiography to anatomically localize specific receptors for TRH within human spinal cord. Highest concentrations of TRH re...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.35.3.328
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 38-year-old man from southeastern Connecticut developed a diffuse encephalopathy with partial complex seizures, followed weeks later by arthritis, cryoglobulinemia, and increased serum IgM. CT showed confluent low-density lesions in the deep cerebral white matter consistent with demyelination. Neither the encephalop...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.35.2.267
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A national survey, based on a probability sample of patients admitted to short-term hospitals in the United States during 1973 to 1974 with a discharge diagnosis of an intracranial neoplasm, was conducted in 157 hospitals. The annual incidence was estimated at 17,000 for primary intracranial neoplasms and 17,400 for s...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.35.2.219
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the long-term effects of acute anoxia have been studied, the effects of chronic hypoxia on the developing human brain have received little attention. We studied children with a cyanotic congenital heart defect to assess the impact of chronic hypoxia by eight measures: neurologic examination, visual evoked res...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.35.1.42
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 79-year-old woman had rheumatic chorea that persisted after age 5 years and increased in severity at age 73. The continued chorea and late decompensation could have been due to incomplete functional resolution in the basal ganglia and decreasing reserve of striatal neurons with age. Sydenham's chorea persisting into...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.35.1.101
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although Alzheimer's disease is generally considered a degenerative disease that primarily affects the cerebral cortex, subcortical structures such as the substantia innominata and certain brainstem nuclei may be involved. In 28 patients with progressive dementia and pathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease, we fo...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.35.1.123
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of 53 patients with drug-induced seizures seen in the last decade, 45% had single seizures, 40% had multiple convulsions, and 15% had status epilepticus. Generalized seizures with focal features were common, but simple partial (motor) seizures occurred in only two patients. Isoniazid, insulin, lidocaine, and psychotro...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.12.1582
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a patient with meningeal gliomatosis who had signs of meningitis, hypoglycorrhachia, and an intracranial mass. Despite suspicion of a primary intracranial neoplasm, repeated CSF cytologies were not diagnostic and led to a brain biopsy for diagnosis. Immunoperoxidase staining for glial fibrillary acidic prote...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.12.1611
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disturbed deglutition is common in diseases of the brainstem and lower cranial nerves, but little is known about the mechanisms involved. We studied a 49-year-old man with symptoms of syringomyelia and syringobulbia lasting 7 years. Esophageal motility studies showed inability to initiate swallowing, esophageal hypomo...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.11.1497
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A specific form of deep cerebral hemisphere infarction was identified in 11 of 1,600 stroke register patients. Despite the CT finding of a deep striatocapsular lesion, these patients showed evidence of both cortical and capsular abnormalities. Angiography showed significant proximal carotid artery lesions as well as e...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.11.1423
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 53-year-old man presented with multiple right cranial nerve palsies that included the tongue. When the tongue was protruded, it deviated to the right. However, when the tongue was not protruded, he could readily turn the tip of the tongue to the left, but not to the right. Protrusion of the tongue requires the actio...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.10.1367
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of recurrent cerebral ischemia and death was determined prospectively in 36 patients who presented with ischemic stroke and had atrial fibrillation. Patients were followed an average of 2.3 months (range, 3 weeks to 9 months). The recurrence rate for cerebral ischemia was 33%, and the mortality rate was ...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.10.1285
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::After superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass, cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the operated hemisphere increased in 6 of 17 patients. Preoperatively, the symptomatic hemisphere showed lower CBF in all six, lower oxygen metabolism in five, higher blood volume in four, and higher oxygen extraction in two....
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.9.1168
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the anti-Schwann cell activity of serum from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), we used a 51Cr-release cytotoxicity assay. Specific release of 51Cr mediated by GBS serum did not differ from that with normals or disease controls. Heating sera from GBS patients or controls at 56 or 50 degrees C for 30...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.9.1240
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighty-eight multiple sclerosis case-friend pairs were interviewed by telephone to elicit information about early-life exposures. Available mothers were also interviewed. Risk factors included childhood diseases, exposures to animals, and residence. We found a positive association between MS and having measles at a la...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.9.1144
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to deliver enzymatically active human hexosaminidase A across the blood-brain barrier and into brain cells of the normal rat was examined. Following osmotic blood-brain barrier modification in the rat, intraarterially administered human hexosaminidase A and B were shown to cross the barrier and enter brain...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.8.1012
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats with unilateral lesions of the substantia nigra were treated with L-dopa 25 mg/kg subcutaneously 30 minutes after treatment with carbidopa 25 mg/kg intraperitoneally. In the ipsilateral striatum, dopamine levels achieved a peak of 1.57 +/- 0.63 micrograms/g (control 0.19 +/- 0.05 micrograms/g) at 20 minutes and d...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.8.1105
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe three patients with acute chiasmal visual field loss caused by hemorrhage within an intrachiasmal arteriovenous malformation. One patient had five episodes; vision improved three times without treatment and twice after surgical decompression. Surgical intervention restored vision in two of the three patien...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.8.1007
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pergolide, a long-acting central dopamine agonist, was used as monotherapy in 16 parkinsonian patients. A mean daily dose of 6.3 mg resulted in 73% improvement of parkinsonian disability. Clinical improvement after acute administration of one dose of pergolide was similar to that observed after levodopa plus a periphe...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.7.983
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 41-year-old man presented with bilateral posterior cerebral artery infarcts. He had visual object agnosia and prosopagnosia with preservation of reading abilities. There was also defective visual memory, topographic orientation, and color perception, as well as simultanagnosia. From the clinical facts and CT finding...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.7.947
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::No uniformly accepted hypothesis explains the genesis and rupture of intracranial aneurysms. We followed 5,184 men and women prospectively for 26 years; 36 cases of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) accounted for 62% of all intracranial hemorrhages. Blood pressure before SAH was higher in these patients than in...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.7.847
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma levels of six short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were measured in 23 Reye's syndrome patients. In sequential measurements, only propionic acid correlated closely with neurologic severity. Although admission SCFA levels were slightly elevated, there were no significant differences between patients grouped by severit...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.6.831
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligoclonal bands ( OCBs ) were examined in CSF from 23 normal controls, 8 cases of inflammatory neurologic diseases, 24 cases of noninflammatory neurologic diseases, 27 sporadic cases of MS, and the 29 MS twin pairs, by isoelectric focusing followed by silver staining or western transblotting and immunoperoxidase sta...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.6.769
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of high-dose monotherapy, using carbamazepine or phenytoin, in patients with previously uncontrolled seizures. Treatment with a single drug was equal to or better than polypharmacy, but only a few patients became free of seizures. Toxicity was mild and associated with...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.6.707
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient developed an amnesic syndrome after cardiopulmonary arrest. Neuropathologic examination revealed pronounced anoxic injury to both hippocampi with little damage to other hemisphere structures. The clinical and pathologic findings suggest that lesions limited to the hippocampus can cause profound amnesia. ...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.5.679
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the nature and causes of delusions after infarction of the right cerebral hemisphere. Delusions involved orientation in time and place, events in the recent past, and the identities of familiar individuals. Some were transient and disorganized, and others were more fixed. No particular site in the right hem...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.5.577
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the possible role of potassium deficiency, a recognized cause of myopathy, in the pathogenesis of experimental acute alcoholic myopathy (EAM) in the rat. Alcohol-treated animals receiving the same dietary potassium as controls developed mild hypokalemia; however, muscle potassium was preserved or eleva...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.4.529
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three sisters with adult fucosidosis showed prominent psychomotor retardation, gargoyle features, and angiokeratoma corporis diffusum, meeting the criteria for type II fucosidosis. By histochemical and ultrastructural studies, biopsy of rectal mucosa revealed many abnormal macrophages that were filled with fucose-rich...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.4.451
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methionine-enkephalin, substance P, and homovanillic acid concentrations were measured in the CSF of subjects not affected by neurologic disorders (group 1), and in parkinsonian patients who had a slight or moderate (group 2) or severe (group 3) disability. Homovanillic acid and substance P concentrations in the CSF o...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.4.516
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zinc is essential for normal embryogenesis and may have particular importance for closure of the human neural tube. Compared to 258 controls, we found increased zinc content in umbilical cord serum in eight of nine newborn anencephalics (p less than 0.02) and three infants with spina bifida (p less than 0.001). Increa...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.4.443
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We undertook serial clinical and electromyographic muscle action potential (MAP) amplitude assessments in nine patients with the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) over 0.5 to 2.5 years who received plasma exchange (PE; 5 to 15 exchanges over 4 to 19 days) and immunosuppressive drug (IS) treatment (prednisolone ...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.4.480
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested three serotonin antagonists--lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), 2-bromolysergic acid diethylamide (BOL), and cinanserin--for effects on experimental spinal cord ischemia in the rabbit. Blood flow to spinal cord was obstructed. Drugs were administered before or after initiation of occlusion, and flow was later...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.4.469
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 17 patients with cough syncope, electroencephalograms showed normal interictal recordings in 12 patients, minimally abnormal recordings in 4, and a moderately abnormal recording in 1. Fourteen episodes of cough syncope (six patients) were recorded, with the EEGs showing diffuse theta and delta slowing during the ep...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.3.371
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the gene frequencies for the alleles of the HLA-linked complement markers C2, properdin factor B (BF), C4A (Rodgers) and C4B (Chido), and the red cell enzyme glyoxalase-I in 38 unrelated patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, 42 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, and 59 unaffecte...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.3.310
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the cerebral effects of oxygen-derived free radicals generated from the xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine/ADP-Fe3+ system. Xanthine oxidase/hypoxanthine/ADP-Fe3+ solution (0.1 ml) was infused into caudate putamen, and brain was frozen rapidly in situ. Brain water and sodium content increased concomitant with de...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.3.315
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The shortening reaction of tibialis anterior was observed in 6 of 25 normal subjects, in 6 of 40 patients with upper motor neuron syndromes, and in 11 of 17 patients with Parkinson's disease. The latency of the shortening reaction was comparable with that of the latter part of the long-latency stretch reflexes. The ma...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.2.242
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a 78-year-old man with right hemiballism as the presenting symptom of a metastatic occult adenocarcinoma of the lung. CT demonstrated two contrast-enhancing lesions: one in the left subthalamic region and the other in the left parietal region. Metastatic tumor was confirmed at autopsy. ...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.2.204
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the introduction of computed tomography (CT), there have been numerous reports of brain abscess treated successfully without surgery. Because pathologic confirmation was lacking in these patients, diagnosis was based on CT abnormalities, usually ring enhancement. However, our recent clinical experience and the e...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.2.139
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients with cranial dystonia, we compared the effects of central anticholinergic, peripheral anticholinergic, and placebo treatments in a double-blind crossover study. One of the nine patients who completed the study improved markedly with central anticholinergic therapy. The three treatments were indistinguishab...
journal_title:Neurology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1212/wnl.34.2.215
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00